HEALTH MONITORING IS INTEGRAL TO LONG-DURATION SPACE MISSIONS. IN PARTICULAR, THE STRESSES OF SPACE TRAVEL ON THE HUMAN BODY INCREASE THE RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. HOWEVER, CURRENT SYSTEMS USED TO ANALYZE KEY BIOMARKERS IN IDENTIFYING HEALTH CONCERNS ARE BULKY AND REQUIRE ACCESS TO COMPLEX CHEMICAL SEPARATIONS. I PROPOSE TO USE NANOENGINEERED, PORTABLE ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS THAT WILL ALLOW US TO SELECTIVELY DETECT BIOMARKERS SUCH AS CARDIAC TROPONIN I (CTNI) IN BLOOD WITHOUT THE NEED FOR COMPLEX PROCESSING. THESE SENSORS CONTAIN A DNA APTAMER PROBE WITH A REDOX REPORTER DESIGNED TO BIND SPECIFIC BIOMARKERS. BINDING EVENTS CAUSE THE PROBE TO UNDERGO A CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE RESULTING IN SHIFTS OF THE MEASURED SIGNAL. WHILE THESE BIOSENSORS TRADITIONALLY LACK THE SENSITIVITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY REQUIRED FOR NASA MISSIONS, I WILL LEVERAGE OUR RECENT DISCOVERIES THAT MAY SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE PERFORMANCE BY TAILORING THE SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE PROBE MOLECULES. SUPER-RESOLUTION IMAGING TECHNIQUES WILL BE COMBINED WITH SPATIAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TO INVESTIGATE HOW THE SPATIAL PATTERNS OF SINGLE MOLECULES HELP DETERMINE THE PERFORMANCE OF THESE BIOSENSORS, WHICH WILL ALLOW US TO ENGINEER HIGHLY SENSITIVE AND ROBUST ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS AT THE MOLECULAR SCALE